Tuesday 25 January 2011

Essay Cover Sheet and Bibliography







Marty Edwards
(BA) Graphic Design
Year One
Contextual Theoretical Studies




Advertising













Bibliography


John Berger... Ways of Seeing... You tube (4 parts)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mmgGT3th_oI
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6q0JvXiZw7o&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zbebPdXv70w&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tAJovNjXMTs&feature=related


Ways of Seeing, John Berger... ISBN 978-0-141-03579-6
Year of publication - 1972


Fig 1 ... http://www.longleaf.net/ggrow/Hate/Envy.html


Fig 2 … http://www.planningnotepad.com/2010/02/culture-jammin-with-dove.html


Fig 3 … http://www.envirofone.com/news/the-future-looks-bright-for-mobile-phones/article.aspx


Fig 4 ... Social Communication in Advertising... Leiss Kline Jhally
Year of Publication - April 2005
Figure 8.1


Fig 5 ... Social Communication in Advertising... Leiss Kline Jhally
Year of Publication - April 2005
Figure 11.11




Essay Spell Checked and Refined


Advertising is an essential part of the world we live in now, we are constantly told what we need and how to improve our lives through the numerous ways publicizing can manipulate us through images and type. The prime reason for Advertisement is to create demand among us, the consumers. Many of us believe what we read and see along the street and were always trying to look superior to everyone around us as we envy anyone who looks or achieves better than us. "Envy is common in a world in which politics has moved towards democracy but then stopped half way, where status is open to everyone but enjoyed by only a few.”


smedia:ba_graphic_design:me95703:Desktop:envyman.jpg Fig 1


"Envy" is frequently used in a positive, even assertive way, as if to say, "This is something really good. Don't you wish you had it?"

After reading a lot of critical writings on advertising and publicity, all of which have different views on what should be allowed. This is ranging from the envy (that I discussed above) to attempt to sell a personality, which I will discuss further later in the essay. "Advertising plays on your fear of not being desirable, it suggests that you are not wanted by anybody but to own the product its offering would increase your chances and make you more 'glamorous' as which you would dream." This is a statement from John Berger showing that he can see how advertisement makes you feel inferior and tries to entice you into purchasing what they offer. I believe the same way as videos and advertisements never show a realistic view of what you can achieve, the skin of the models are always flawless (Fig 4, Fig 5) and the fashions change so much that without being rich you would struggle to keep up with the latest trend.

The biggest debate about advertising will always be what will happen on the social aspect of living and how we live our lives. This can be placed into one question "does the mass media have a significant amount of power over its audience, or does the audience have more power than the media?" There have been many compelling arguments and two which have been the most celebrated for there battles against each other would be Theodor Adorno and John Fiske these theorists represent there views against each other in such a compelling way that they have split the views of the public in half instructing you to consider both sides subconsciously. Adorno felt "the power of the mass media over the population was enormous and very damaging" where Fiske best known for his publication 'Understanding Popular Culture' said "Its the audience, not the media which has the most power"






Advertisement shows life through the promise of a better and happier way of living however most of the time this cannot be purchased "Even attitude and a style of living can be advertised even though it cannot be purchased." This being another quote from John Berger from his television series "Ways of Seeing". The ways in which he speaks about what he believes are very much the same as mine therefore making him a useful source. John Berger has strong knowledge of the modern culture and displays this in his documentary. There were large amounts of envy and the publicity trying to control us back in the old days due to the oil paintings which where created, these would be created with the persons best assets in mind, people were painted to try and show what we couldn't afford. These would normally consist of them riding horses in large green pastures, wearing there most expensive garments and holding a gun, for the women it would be perfect skin and floral expensive dresses with a corset to hug the waist and give them the most curvy body which women aspired for. This is still true to day and they image of the oil paintings sets the image of beauty for the people of today. "Paintings are created in the old days and people try to replicate them and echo there own self figure into what they see as perfect and idealistic." A quote from John Berger as he speaks about what I think and believe, the same again from the another section of the documentary which I watched (Ways of Seeing 1972) he clarifies what I have been talking about. "Publicity and oil paintings share the same references and celebrate the same qualities in things and share many of the same ideas all of which relate to you are what you have. Their purpose and effects are very different. The oil paintings are created to show what they person owns and makes the owner appear in the best light with the best objects to which they own." 


smedia:ba_graphic_design:me95703:Desktop:072634-aussie-men-want-miss-average-not-playboy.jpg  Fig 2

This is from the Viral advert which was created for Dove, its a controversial advert which shows the effect of what women are trying to achieve yet showing it would be impossible to reach due to the end part of the advert being modified using Photoshop to attain that perfect outcome. The quote used at the end confirms this by saying "no wonder our perception of beauty is distorted". This is another successful way to deliver the message to the public as it shows a clear message in a rather shocking way. This truth impact can also raise your trust within a company therefore your achieving more than one objective with this style of advertisement. There are numerous other ways to which you could do this such as banner ads, pop up ads, text messaging advertisements, Viral and online video ads.





smedia:ba_graphic_design:me95703:Desktop:The_Future_is_Bright_-_The_Future_is_HD_for_Orange_xlarge.jpg
















Fig 3 






Robin Wright - '118, 188' 'the future's bright the future's orange' This is a very simple advertising design which can be used to draw the attention of the public in, the simple orange square was used before the text was added to get some anticipation asking about it and when the ad was finally complete it all became clear and people remembered this. This was similar to the way that the mentos and the diet coke viral advertisement worked, the way in which they created the massive chain to create a decorative design makes it stick in your mind and this was a viral ad which worked perfectly due to people wanting to try it themselves hence boosting the sales of both products dramatically. 



smedia:ba_graphic_design:me95703:Desktop:IMAG0461.jpg Fig 4





This image is a prime example of how the mind can be deceived into what you expect from advertisement. The gentleman is laid next to the ladies, both whom are dressed in expensive clothing and floating on a tranquil lake. “Even attitude and a style of life can be advertised even though it cannot be purchased."  This implies that they are both peaceful and have spare time on there hands. The advertisement is displaying a small bottom of the perfume "Babe" in the top left area. All of this linking together supposedly displays the life that you could have if you were to purchase that perfume. Another perfume advertisement displays a similar style to the above image, however this one plays more on the minds of men. Where the above image shows the women in an elegant dress looking beautiful this plays on the mans mind, This shows him sat by two women, one wearing a maid costume which links to the sexual side of a mans brain and then the half naked jockey women to the right. All of this is situated in a high value room, which again implies that to wear this perfume could get you this lifestyle. We know that to buy this aftershave will not attain everything the image implies, but subconsciously this still makes you have certain envy for something that you do not currently own.



smedia:ba_graphic_design:me95703:Desktop:IMAG0463.jpg Fig 5



In conclusion to what I have researched about Advertising and the media, I have developed an understanding of how advertising has developed over the years to alter and change how we see the objects that are offered to us on a day-to-day basis. It has become such a natural thing to us now that we don’t recognized what’s happening in front of our eyes, the subconscious picks them up more unless you are educated in what to look for. During this essay I have shown points of how the media uses advertisement in anyway but direct to control a persons sense of gender and identity. The tactics they have used and put in place to trick your subconscious to worry about style, attractiveness and wealth. These are what our current lifestyles have become a custom to. "Glamour is supposed to be deeper than looks, glamour works through the eye and the mirror." We fall into the obvious traps, which make you appear richer, but you have to spend money that in turn makes you poorer. As John Berger said "advertising is a language of words and images which calls out to us where ever we go"

Sunday 23 January 2011

Essay Draft


Advertising is an essential part of the world we live in now, we are constantly told what we need and how to improve our lives through the numerous ways publicizing can talk to us through images and type.The prime reason for Advertisements is to create demand among us, the consumers. Many of us believe what we read and see along and the street and were always trying to look better than everyone around us as we envy anyone who looks or achieves better than us. "Envy is common in a world in which politics has moved towards democracy but then stopped half way, where status is open to everyone but enjoyed by only a few." 


"envy" is frequently used in a positive, even assertive way, as if to say, "This is something really good. Don't you wish you had it?"

I have read into alot of critical writings on advertising and publicity, all of which have different views on what should be allowed This is ranging from the envy which i discussed above to the attempt to sell a personality which i will get to later in the essay. "Advertising plays on your fear of not being desirable, it suggests that you are not wanted by anybody but to own the product its offering would increase your chances and make you more 'glamorous' as which you would dream." This is a statement from John Berger showing that he can see how advertisement makes you feel inferior and tries to entice you into purchasing what they offer. I believe the same way as videos and advertisements never show a realistic view of what you can achieve, the skin of the models are always flawless and the fashions change so much that without being rich you would struggle to keep up with the latest trend.

The biggest debate about what will happen on the social aspect of living and also how we live our lives can be placed into one question "does the mass media have a significant amount of power over its audience, or does the audience have more power than the media ?" There have been many compelling arguments and two which have been the most celebrated for there battles against each other would be Theodor Adorno and John Fiske these theorists represent there views against each other in such a compelling way that they have split the views of the public in half instructing you to consider both sides subconsciously. Adorno felt "the power of the mass media over the population was enormous and very damaging" where Fiske best known for his publication 'Understanding Popular Culture' said "Its the audience, not the media which has the most power"



Advertisement shows life through the promise of a better and happier way of living however most of the time this cannot be purchased "Even attitude and a style of living can be advertised even though it cannot be purchased." This being another quote from John Berger from his television series "Ways of Seeing". The ways in which he speaks about what he thinks and believes are very much the same as mine and i think this is what makes him such a good source. John Berger has strong knowledge of the modern culture and understands the ins and outs of what this world is controlling and telling us as the public to do. There were large amounts of envy and the publicity trying to control us back in the old days due to the oil paintings which where created, these would be created with the persons best assets in mind, people were painted to try and show what we couldn't afford. These would normally consist of them riding horses in large green pastures, wearing there most expensive garments and holding a gun, for the women it would be perfect skin and really floral floating dresses with a corset to hug the waist and give them the most curvy body which women aspired for. "paintings are created in the old days and people try to replicate them and echo there own self figure into what they see as perfect and idealistic." the above quote is again from John Berger as he speaks alot about what i think and believe, the next quote again is from the same section of the documentary which i watched and clarifies what ive been talking about. "publicity and oil paintings share the same references and celebrate the same qualities in things and share many of the same ideas all of which relate to you are what you have. there purpose and effects are very different. The oil paintings are created to show what they person owns and makes the owner appear in the best light with the best objects to which they own." 


This is from the Viral advert which was created for Dove, its a controversial advert which shows the effect of what women are trying to achieve yet showing it would be impossible to even achieve that cause the end part of the advert is modified using photoshop to achieve the perfect outcome that they are wanting to achieve. The quote used at the end confirms this by saying "no wonder our perception of beauty is distorted"
This is another successful way to deliver the message to the public as it shows a clear message untainted and its rather shocking aswell. This truth impact can also raise your trust within a company therefor your achieving more than one objective with this style of advertisement. There are numerous other ways to which you could do this such as banner ads, pop up ads, text messaging advertisements, viral and online video ads.
 




Robin Wright - '118, 188' 'the future's bright the future's orange' This is a very simple advertising design which can be used to draw the attention of the public in, the simple orange square was used before the text was added to get some anticipation asking about it and then when the text was added to the advertisement it all became clear and it stuck in peoples heads. This was similar to the way that the mentos and the diet coke viral advertisement worked, the way in which they created the massive chain to create a decorative design makes it stay in your mind and this was a viral ad which worked perfectly because after doing so the sales of both products rocketed. 


This image is a prime example of how the mind can be deceived into what you expect from advertisement. The gentlemen is laid next to the lady, both whom are dressed in expensive clothing and floating on a tranquil lake."Even attitude and a style of life can be advertised even though it cannot be purchased."  This implies that they are both peaceful and have spare time on there hands. The advertisement is displaying a small bottom of the perfume "Babe" in the top left area. All of this linking together supposedly displays the life that you could achieve if you were to purchase that perfume. Another perfume advertisement displays a similar style to the above image, however this one plays more for the men. Where the above image shows the women in an elegant dress looking beautiful this plays on a mans mind and shows him surrounded by two women, one wearing a maid costume which links to the sexual side of a mans brain and then the half naked jockey women to the right. All of this is situated in a high value room which again implies that to wear this perfume could get you this lifestyle. We know that to buy this aftershave will not get you everything the image implies, but subconsciously this still makes you have a certain envy for something that you do not currently own.


In conclusion to what i have researched and found out about Advertising and the media, the styles which they have used have developed over the years to alter and change how we see the objects which are offered to us on a day to day basis. It has become such a natural thing to us now that we dont recognized whats happening in front of our eyes, the subconscious picks them up more unless you are educated in what to look for. During this essay i have shown points of how the media uses advertisement in anyway but direct to control a persons sense of gender and identity. The tactics they have used and put in place to trick your subconscious to worry about style, attractiveness and wealth is what our current lifestyles have become a custom to. "glamour is supposed to be deeper than looks, glamour works through the eye and the mirror." This then makes you fall into the traps we all know that to appear richer you have to spend money which in turn makes you more poor. As John Berger said "advertising is a language of words and images which calls out to us where ever we go"






Bibliography


John Berger... Ways of Seeing... You tube (4 parts)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mmgGT3th_oI
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6q0JvXiZw7o&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zbebPdXv70w&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tAJovNjXMTs&feature=related


John Berger... Ways of Seeing... Penguin Book... ISBN  978-0-141-03579-6

Quote under image Envy ... http://www.longleaf.net/ggrow/Hate/Envy.html


Paragraph under Envy poster ... Media, Gender and Identity by David Gauntlett


Rubber Ring Image ... Social Communication in Advertising... Leiss Kline Jhally
Figure 8.1



Bathroom image (man and two women) ... Social Communication in Advertising... Leiss Kline Jhally
Figure 11.11

Saturday 22 January 2011

Essay Research ... Advertising.

Viral Adverts...


Theres also another viral advert which incorporates the bear into them. This is a series of three different types of video which all can be used in succession with one another...

 

This video below is created purely from a viral of which i understand best fits that criteria, the way in which it has been made and the overall look of the document works well, Ill be posting more of these types of advertisements.

Then you have the adverts which play more on the sense of humour and these are ones which stick in your head that little bit more and can be brought back into memory when you hear a song played which can relate to it overall.

To add to the adverts which you see, the internet is used to create paradoys of these and then add to what we already know but they make a more humorous and comedy effect to how we perceive these...


Thursday 20 January 2011

Essay Research ... Advertising.

 Essay Question.

"Advertising doesn't sell things; all advertising does is change the way people think or feel" (Jeremy Bullmore). Evaluate this statement with reference to selected critical theories


Different ways in which you can advertise.

Advertising is an essential part of your overall marketing. Without reaching out to new customers you are limiting your potential market. The best marketing is creative and innovative - something that will make your customers remember your name and thus, think of you again when they require your products or services. 

Also, as you might expect, advertising is expensive. You have to be absolutely sure that you will get a return on your investment (ROI). This can change how you feel about a product, most companies create a catchy tune which sticks in your head and this then has an effect on the rest of the advertising campaign. You can also use a catchy tune which will then make the advert click in your head when you hear it driving along or in a club. This is then successful advertising. Below are five ways which are most successful but then alot more varieties of ways which you can do this in...


Newspaper Advertising


One of the most inexpensive forms of advertising is an ad in the local paper. With even a small advertisement, you can reach a large number of people. If the paper caters to a particular geographic region you can further target your advertising just to that region. The larger the ad, the more expensive it becomes. Most people respond to a small colourful ad rather than a full-page black and white ad.


Mailbox Stuffing


By investing in newspaper advertising or television advertising one must assume that the advertisement only reaches a segment of the total population. After all, not everyone watches television or reads the paper. To get the largest slice of the pie that you can, go directly to your population and fill their mailboxes with your advertisements or offers.


Offer Brochures


A brochure can explain much more about your company, products or services than a single newspaper ad. If your customers need detailed information in order to choose your business over your competition, consider using a brochure. It's good to have brochures handy at trade shows or stocked at the reception desk of your business.


Yellow Pages


Still one of the oldest ways of finding businesses is the yellow page directory. Every person with a telephone has a copy of their local phone book with business Yellow Pages. Directories are one of the most widely used forms of advertising. The telephone company advertising staff will give you help in designing an ad that will present your business in an effective manner. Be aware that directories are published at various times of the year. Call the phone company to determine the publication deadlines. A home-based business may wish to omit the address from the ad. Phone calls can be screened and clients can be scheduled so the neighborhood is not disrupted by an increased flow of traffic.


Business Cards


Another inexpensive way to communicate with your customers are business cards. Always keep a few handy to give out during shows, at meetings, and after a job well done. Think of it as a miniature billboard for your business. It needs to contain essential information such as the name of your business, your name, and essential contact information such as, at the very minimum, your address and phone number. Many people like to add a slogan or logo to their card as well.


Others


Pens, key chains, balloons, t-shirts, you name it. These are marketing materials that fall under this category. Usually inexpensive promotional gimmicks, most people find that useful items like pens are more effective than items with no purpose other than to carry your logo (ex. balloons).




From the documentary ... Ways of Seeing.




John Berger


advertising is a language of words and images which calls out to us where ever we go


advertising displays life as idealistic which no one can achieve without huge wealth


publicity persuades us that if we are to buy what it is advertising we will become richer even though we will be poorer for spending our money, they do this by showing us someone who has supposedly been transformed and made into this perfect person. This envy we then get from this is what creates glamour.


glamour is supposed to be deeper than looks, glamour works through the eye and the mirror. 


glamor never used to exist in the old days when you would see oil paintings on the wall, instead there was grace, elegance and authority.


Envy is common in a world in which politics has moved towards democracy but then stopped half way, where status is open to everyone but enjoyed by only a few.


paintings are created in the old days and people try to replicate them and echo there own self figure into what they see as perfect / idealistic.

publicity and oil paintings share the same references and celebrate the same qualities in things and share many of the same ideas all of which relate to you are what you have. there purpose and effects are very different. The oil paintings are created to show what they person owns and makes the owner appear in the best light with the best objects to which they own. 

Publicity is different it appears to a way of life to which we aspire to but not yet achieved, advertising shows us that we can have. Each picture which is advertising shows the perfect home and then on top of this our homes will become radiant and our lives dramatically improved.

Money and publicizing displays men as they have a better chance in life if they are better within the sexual activity, the ones who lack that power and dont have glamor are shown as faceless and this is where it becomes stronger. 

Advertising plays on your fear of not being desirable, it suggests that you are not wanted by anybody but to own the product its offering would increase your chances and make you more 'glamorous' as which you would dream.

Dreams which are advertised, social life being enhanced by showing everyone doing things which you want and aspire to be, everyone looks happy and are perfectly modeled, and the next morning you would still feel the same way about it.

Skin is always perfect and flawless. 

Advertisement of being elsewhere, dreams of places without horizons, and the dreams of being places where no trouble or worries can happen. 
Romance and Sex are most desired by the human public.

The publicity works on the imagination but it also pretends to interpret the world around us, it also adds up to an almost philosophical system, the things it sells are in themselves neutral just objects but they have to be made glamorous and eye catching enough to be arresting but not to close to offer a threat.

a machine gun can support shoes. revolution can be wrapped around anything, public figures and struggles around the world can be used to enhance your product further

Even attitude and a style of life can be advertised even though it cannot be purchased.

All single pages in magazines display what appears to be the most important part of what you want and need in life, however from a disaster in a foreign country to a bottle of pimms, all have the same language, all have the same elements, but between each page there is such a disconnection, that one can only say this culture is mad.
Our cities are papered with dreams and objects which we may enter or buy, but they exclude us as we now are. behind the paper are our wanted needs. 

_____________


Advertising has changed in its culture, largely due to the switch from informational to a more expressive conceptual way to communicate with consumers. This switch has offered the audience less cognition about products.

Previous to the 1970s consumers were exposed to informative ads that helped them make decisions by exploring the positives of products and the negatives of competitors. just after the 1970's, informational ads were not as effective, as consumers were becoming more aware of deception in the government due to the Watergate scandal and the Vietnam war, they then associated that deception with media and advertising, forcing advertisers to change tactics. 

With change of the types of ads came emotion and heuristically approached messages. This style of advertising carried through the nineties and into the two-thousands, with the introduction of the Internet, mediums mixed, video became easily available with interaction, this changed the strict lines between informational and emotional advertising. The internet allows for users to experience traditional informative advertising in many different forms, while encouraging interaction with consumers by click-through sites and links. 

The internet encourages a gateway in which consumers can go beyond the depth of the emotional and contextual advertisement to dive into a world of information and rhetoric. These gateways include banner ads, pop up ads, text messaging advertisements, viral and online video ads. Each of these methods of advertisements offer a different way for a consumer to become more involved in the marketing process.

_____________


On the television, computer, streets, concerts, email, and much more. Advertising has become a big part of our lives. In-fact we probably don’t realize how much advertising influences our lives.


Now though, advertising is changing. There is money being made both ways, to the consumer, and to the vendor. There is now pay per click advertising, and now there is Adsense. Although it doesn’t look like the consumer is making much money off of it, but it ads up.


On television, it has actually gone the other way. The vendors are making less money due to the new technology that allows us to skip commercials, or fast-forward them. This has had a huge effect on companies. 

Although most people don’t have this new technology, it is in-fact becoming bigger and bigger.

 Advertising is a very big part of our lives, and will continue to be in our households, work-spaces, and our families.

_____________


John Berger... Ways of Seeing... Book.



These are the last two great paintings by Frans Hals, they portray the governors and the governesses of an Alms House. In paintings such as these they are presented as different areas of art work, and people portray them differently, this is effected from what people believe art is and how they are to see this. The main assumptions are 


Beauty
Truth
Genius
Civilization
Form
Status
Taste


This has changed in our more modern living but this still can play a part when viewing artwork.



This is the most sold painting from the National Gallery. The Virgin and Child with St Anne and St John the Baptist painted by Leonardo.